Just passing through the United States on your way somewhere else? You might need a transit visa—but figuring out if you need one can get confusing.
This guide explains exactly what a transit visa (C visa) is, who needs one, and how to get one without complications.
Advertisements
You’ll learn clear eligibility criteria, step-by-step application processes, and key differences between transit and other visa types.
Key Takeaways
- C-1 Visa: For travelers transiting through the US to another country (e.g., layovers).
- C-2/C-3 Visas: Specific to transit to/from the United Nations (C-2) or foreign officials (C-3).
- Transit visas are non-immigrant and temporary (valid for up to 29 days).
- Applicants must prove onward travel and no intent to stay in the US.
What Exactly Is a Transit Visa?
A transit visa (C-1) allows you to travel through the United States to reach another country. Think of it as your legal permission slip to change planes or ships in the US without planning to stay.
Quick fact: Most transit visas allow you to remain in the US for up to 29 days, though you’re expected to depart as soon as your connection allows.
Do You Need a Transit Visa?
Before diving into applications, check if you even need one:
Advertisements
You DON’T need a transit visa if: You’re from a Visa Waiver Program country AND have an approved ESTA
- You qualify for the Transit Without Visa (TWOV) program (now limited to specific air carriers)
- You hold a valid visa for the US already (including expired visas with valid I-94 extension)
You DO need a transit visa if: Your layover involves leaving the airport transit lounge
- You’re from a non-VWP country
- Your layover exceeds 48 hours (in most cases)
- You plan to change airports during your connection
Pro tip: Even if your connection is “airside” (never leaving the secure terminal area), many US airports require ALL international passengers to clear US Customs and Immigration—meaning you’ll need proper documentation.
Types of Transit Visas
C-1 Visa (General Transit): Use this visa if your itinerary includes a layover or short transit through the U.S. You’ll need proof of confirmed onward travel within 29 days.
C-2 Visa (Transit to United Nations): Specifically for diplomats or UN staff traveling directly to/from UN Headquarters in New York. Requires official UN documentation.
C-3 Visa (Transit for Foreign Officials): Issued to foreign government officials in transit. A valid diplomatic passport and proof of official duties are essential.
Eligibility Requirements: The Non-Negotiables
To qualify for a C-1 transit visa, you need:
- A valid passport with at least 6 months validity beyond your planned departure from the US
- Confirmed tickets showing you’re continuing to a destination outside the US
- Sufficient funds to cover your transit period expenses
- Strong ties to your home country (job, family, property) that prove you’ll return
- No immigration violations or criminal history that would make you inadmissible
Reality check: Most countries’ transit visa approval rate is around 75%. Strong documentation significantly improves your chances.
The Application Process: Step-by-Step
Step 1: Complete Form DS-160
Visit ceac.state.gov/genniv, choose your embassy location, and create an application ID. Fill out Form DS-160 entirely, selecting “TRANSIT (C)” under “Purpose of Trip.” Upload your photo as required, then print the confirmation page with a barcode.
Step 2: Pay the Application Fee
The current fee is $160 (as of March 2025). Payment methods (credit card, bank transfer, or cash) differ by country. Keep your payment receipt handy—you’ll need it for your interview scheduling.
Step 3: Schedule Your Interview
Create an account through your local US Embassy’s appointment portal. Use your DS-160 confirmation number and payment receipt to schedule the earliest possible appointment that aligns with your travel dates. Typical wait times range from 2 to 6 weeks, so check beforehand.
Step 4: Prepare Your Documents
Gather essential documents: passport valid at least six months beyond your transit date, DS-160 confirmation page, payment receipt, onward travel tickets, full itinerary, a letter explaining your trip, proof of home-country ties, and a recent photo if not already uploaded. Organize these clearly in a labeled folder to streamline your interview.
Step 5: Ace the Interview
Arrive at the consulate 15 minutes early. Answer questions truthfully and concisely, clearly stating you’re only transiting through the US.
Explain why US transit is necessary for your trip and show convincing evidence that you have no intention of overstaying.
Consular officers primarily want assurance you intend to transit legally and exit promptly.
Step 6: Wait for Processing
Some applicants receive immediate decisions, but others may encounter administrative processing lasting 2–8 weeks. Use your provided number to track your application status regularly.
Step 7: Collect Your Passport and Visa
Check the passport collection procedures at your embassy or opt for courier delivery if available (additional fee). Once you receive your passport, verify that all visa information is accurate.
Transit Visa Limitations: Know the Boundaries
- Duration: Maximum authorized stay is typically 29 days
- Permitted activities: Limited to activities related to transit
- Not permitted: Work, study, or establishing residence
- Entries: Usually single-entry only (must specify if multiple entries are needed)
Special Situations: When Things Get Complicated
Traveling with Family
- Each family member needs a transit visa
- Children under 14 may have the interview waived at some consulates
- Family interviews can sometimes be scheduled together
Medical Issues
- Carry prescriptions and doctor’s notes for any medications
- If you have a condition that might require care during transit, bring documentation
- Consider travel insurance that covers transit periods
Emergency Situations
- Missed connections may require:
- Contacting CBP at the airport
- Airline assistance for rebooking
- In extreme cases, contacting the embassy
Troubleshooting Common Problems
If Your Visa Is Denied
- Request the specific reason for the denial
- Address the specific concerns in a new application
- Provide additional documentation if reapplying
- Consider alternative routing that avoids US transit
If You Need to Change Your Travel Plans
- Minor date changes within the visa validity period are usually fine
- Major itinerary changes may require a new visa application
- Always inform CBP of significant changes upon arrival
FAQ: What Others Are Asking
Q: Can I leave the airport during my transit?
A: Yes, with a valid C-1 visa, but you must continue your journey as scheduled.
Q: How early can I apply before my travel date?
A: You can apply up to 90 days before your travel date.
Q: Can I convert a transit visa to another visa type while in the US?
A: Generally, no. Transit visas cannot typically be converted to other visa categories.
Q: What if my layover is less than 24 hours?
A: You still need proper documentation (a transit visa or ESTA if eligible).
Q: How strict is the 29-day limit?
A: Very. Overstaying a transit visa by even one day can result in future visa denials and potential bars from entering the US.
Resources to Keep Handy
- Official State Department Transit Visa Page
- CBP INFO Center: 1-877-227-5511
- ESTA Application Website (for Visa Waiver Program countries)
Remember: Each transit through the US requires proper documentation. Plan, apply early, and confidently travel, knowing you’ve followed the rules.
Advertisements
